The Ultimate 5-Step Guide To Crafting The Potion Of Weakness In Minecraft (1.21 Update)

Are you struggling to cure a Zombie Villager or looking for a tactical edge against tough mobs in the latest Minecraft 1.21 update? The Potion of Weakness is one of the most crucial and versatile potions in the game, yet its unique brewing path often confuses players. Unlike most beneficial potions that start with an Awkward Potion, the Potion of Weakness is an exception, requiring a direct and counter-intuitive ingredient to craft.

This comprehensive guide, updated for the current December 2025 game version, will walk you through the entire process, from gathering the rare ingredients to brewing the final product, including the essential Splash Potion variant needed for the highly beneficial Zombie Villager curing process. Mastering this recipe is key to unlocking massive discounts from your villagers and gaining a significant advantage in survival mode.

The Essential Ingredients and Tools for Weakness Potion Brewing

To begin your journey into the art of potion-making, you must first secure the foundational tools and raw materials. The Potion of Weakness recipe is unique because it uses a "corrupting" ingredient directly on a plain Water Bottle, skipping the usual Nether Wart base step. This makes it one of the simplest potions to brew, provided you have the right components.

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Required Brewing Equipment

• Brewing Stand: The centerpiece of all potion crafting. It is crafted from three Cobblestone blocks and one Blaze Rod.
• Blaze Powder: Acts as the fuel for the Brewing Stand. One Blaze Rod yields two Blaze Powder, and each powder can power up to 20 brewing operations.
• Water Bottles: You will need at least one Glass Bottle (made from three Glass Blocks) filled with water from a Water Source or a Cauldron.

The Core Potion Ingredients

• Fermented Spider Eye: This is the crucial ingredient that transforms a Water Bottle into a Potion of Weakness. It is a corrupted ingredient, meaning it is used to reverse or twist the effects of a base potion.

The standard Potion of Weakness provides the Weakness status effect for 1 minute and 30 seconds (1:30). This effect reduces the target’s melee damage by 4 (two full hearts) in Java Edition, or by 0.5 hearts/1 damage in Bedrock Edition.

Step 1: Crafting the Fermented Spider Eye

The Fermented Spider Eye is the most unique and challenging ingredient to acquire for this specific potion, as it requires a multi-step crafting process. It is the key to creating the Weakness effect, which is why it is often referred to as the "corrupting" ingredient in the world of Minecraft brewing.

Ingredients for the Fermented Spider Eye:

• 1x Spider Eye: Dropped by Spiders and Cave Spiders upon defeat.
• 1x Sugar: Obtained by placing a Sugar Cane stalk in a Crafting Table.
• 1x Brown Mushroom: Found in dark areas, such as caves, forests, and the Nether.

Crafting Process:

1. Open your Crafting Table.
2. Place the Spider Eye, Sugar, and Brown Mushroom in any configuration on the 3x3 grid. The recipe is shapeless, so their positions do not matter.
3. Collect the resulting Fermented Spider Eye.

This single item is powerful, as it is also used to corrupt other beneficial potions, such as turning a Potion of Healing into a Potion of Harming, or a Potion of Strength into a Potion of Weakness, showcasing its topical authority in the brewing system.

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Step 2: Brewing the Potion of Weakness (Standard)

With your Fermented Spider Eye and Brewing Stand ready, you can now brew the base potion. This is a straightforward process, unlike many other potions that require an initial Awkward Potion base.

1. Fuel the Brewing Stand: Place one unit of Blaze Powder into the upper-left slot of the Brewing Stand interface.
2. Insert Water Bottles: Place up to three Water Bottles into the three bottom slots.
3. Add the Ingredient: Place the Fermented Spider Eye into the top ingredient slot.
4. Wait for Brewing: The brewing process will begin automatically, consuming the Fermented Spider Eye. After approximately 20 seconds, the Water Bottles will transform into Potions of Weakness (1:30).

You now have a drinkable Potion of Weakness. While drinking this potion yourself is generally ill-advised in combat, its primary use is to be converted into a throwable variant for the critical task of curing Zombie Villagers.

Step 3: Creating the Splash Potion of Weakness (The Curing Key)

The standard Potion of Weakness is consumed by the player and is not suitable for most practical applications against mobs or for curing villagers. To make it throwable, you must convert it into a Splash Potion. This is the single most important step for the primary use case of this potion.

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Required Ingredient:

• Gunpowder: Dropped by Creepers, Ghasts, and occasionally found in Chests.

The Conversion Process:

1. Place the Potions: Put the newly brewed Potion(s) of Weakness into the bottom slots of the Brewing Stand.
2. Add Gunpowder: Place a unit of Gunpowder into the top ingredient slot.
3. Wait for Conversion: The Gunpowder will be consumed, and the potions will convert into a Splash Potion of Weakness (1:30).

This Splash Potion can now be thrown at an enemy or, crucially, at a Zombie Villager to initiate the curing process.

Step 4: The Ultimate Use Case—Curing Zombie Villagers

The ability to cure a Zombie Villager is the main reason veteran players prioritize learning the Splash Potion of Weakness recipe. Cured villagers offer two major benefits: they revert to a normal villager, and they provide permanent, massive trade discounts due to your heroic act.

The Curing Sequence:

1. Trap the Zombie Villager: Secure the mob in a safe, enclosed area where it cannot burn in sunlight or escape.
2. Apply Weakness: Throw the Splash Potion of Weakness directly at the Zombie Villager. You will see the Weakness status effect particles (dark gray swirls) appear around it.
3. Apply the Cure: Immediately right-click (or use the action button) on the weakened Zombie Villager while holding a Golden Apple (crafted with one Apple surrounded by eight Gold Ingots).
4. Wait for Transformation: The villager will begin to shake, and red particles will appear. This curing process takes approximately 3 to 5 minutes, depending on the game version and difficulty. Protect the villager during this time, and it will eventually transform back into a normal Villager, ready to offer you incredible trades.

Step 5: Advanced Variation—The Lingering Potion of Weakness

For large-scale operations, such as curing multiple Zombie Villagers simultaneously or creating a defensive area of effect, you can craft a Lingering Potion of Weakness. This potion leaves a cloud of the Weakness effect on the ground for a short time.

Required Ingredient:

• Dragon’s Breath: This rare item is collected by using an empty Glass Bottle on the purple particle effects (Dragon's Breath) that the Ender Dragon shoots during the boss fight in The End dimension.

The Lingering Conversion:

1. Place the Splash Potions: Put the Splash Potion(s) of Weakness into the bottom slots of the Brewing Stand.
2. Add Dragon’s Breath: Place one unit of Dragon’s Breath into the top ingredient slot.
3. Wait for Conversion: The potions will convert into a Lingering Potion of Weakness.

Throwing a Lingering Potion creates a cloud effect (Area of Effect or AoE) that applies the Weakness effect to any entity that walks through it, making it highly effective for crowd control or mass curing. This final step completes your mastery of the Weakness Potion brewing system.